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"ABSTRAKGrafik kecepatan, jarak dan waktu berkendaraan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan driving cycle telah dikembangkan sebagai referensi untuk berbagai macam bidang penelitian. Karakteristik kecepatan selama berkendaraan dipresentasikan dengan grafik hubungan antara kecepatan dengan waktu maupun kecepatan dengan jarak kendaraan. Dari karakteristik grafik hubungan tersebut didapatkan persamaan model matematis hubungan antara kecepatan dan jarak. Untuk selanjutnya, model ini diasosiasikan dengan bentuk model polinomial sebagai model berkendaraan.Pengumpulan data dilakukan di ruas jalan antara Depok sampai dengan Lenteng Agung melalui alat GPS logger yang dipasang pada kendaraan. Data posisi dan kecepatan dari GPS diambil dengan interval setiap 1 detik untuk 1 jenis kendaraan yaitu sepeda motor. Hasil dari analisis disajikan dalam grafik driving cycle selama berkendara yang merupakan hubungan antara kecepatan dengan jarak. Grafik ini kemudian dibuat hubungan matematis dengan format persamaan fourier yang akan menghasilkan sejumlah data dengan x berupa jarak selama perjalanan dan y adalah kecepatan kendaraan. Model matematis berupa polinomial orde 4 dihasilkan sebagai model berkendaraan untuk sepeda motor.

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ABSTRACTDriving velocity, distance, and time curve, or commonly called by lsquo driving cycle rsquo has been developed as reference for various research areas. The velocity characteristic during driving is presented by velocity vs. time and velocity vs. distance curves. From the characteristic of the curve, mathematics model of the relation between velocity and distance is derived. Then, this model is associated with polynomial model form as the driving model.The data collection is conducted on the main road between Depok to LEnteng Agung by using GPS logger attached to the motorcycle. Position and velocity data is logged every 1 second.The analysis result is presented by driving cycle curve of velocity vs. distance, which later its mathematical relation is derived using Fourier equation. From the Fourier equation, series of data x and y, with x is distance and y is velocity during the driving are derived. Mathematical model in form of 4th order polynomial is created as driving cycle model for motorcycle"

"ABSTRAKPermintaan akan bakar saat ini terus meningkat, sedangkan cadangan dari minyak bumi terus berkurang. Dengan cadangan minyak bumi yang ada saat ini, di masa yang akan datang, tidak akan sanggup memenuhi permintaan minyak dunia. Salah satu pengguna terbesar dari minyak bumi adalah pada sektor transportasi. Alat transportasi khususnya bermesin ICE Internal Combustion Engine telah menjadi salah satu kontributor dalam masalah ini. Dan juga masalah lain yang ditimbulkan adalah masalah polusi. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah di atas adalah dengan mengembangkan mobil listrik karena diyakini memiliki potensi untuk mengatasi hal ndash; hal tersebut. Namun terdapat kendala yang dihadapi, yaitu bagaimana merancang sistem traksi pada mobil listrik. Perancangan sistem traksi membutuhkan spesifikasi. Untuk menentukan spesifikasi tersebut, perlu acuan yang dipakai, salah satunya menggunakan driving cycle. Perancangan sistem traksi dengan mengacu driving cycle diharapkan dapat menghasilkan sebuah sistem traksi yang efisien dan handal.

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ABSTRACTThe demand of petroleum nowadays is increasing, whilst the oil reserves are decreasing. In the future, with the oil reserves that exist today, will not able to meet the world rsquo s oil demand. One of the biggest users of petroleum is in the transport sector. Vehicle with ICE Internal Combustion Engine is one of the cotributors of this issue. And also another problem is pollution problem. One of the solution to overcome these is to develop an electric vehicle which is potential to solve these problems. Nevertheless, there are obstacles to design traction system in electric vehicle. Spefications of traction system are needed to design an electric vehicle. To define the specifications, it needed to have a good consideration, such as driving cycle. The design of traction system based on driving cycle is expected to generate a reliable and an efficient traction system.The demand of petroleum nowadays is increasing, whilst the oil reserves are decreasing. In the future, with the oil reserves that exist today, will not able to meet the world rsquo s oil demand. One of the biggest users of petroleum is in the transport sector. Vehicle with ICE Internal Combustion Engine is one of the cotributors of this issue. And also another problem is pollution problem. One of the solution to overcome these is to develop an electric vehicle which is potential to solve these problems. Nevertheless, there are obstacles to design traction system in electric vehicle. Spefications of traction system are needed to design an electric vehicle. To define the specifications, it needed to have a good consideration, such as driving cycle. The design of traction system based on driving cycle is expected to generate a reliable and an efficient traction system."

"[ABSTRAKFaktor emisi dan konsumsi bahan bakar tergantung pada berbagai faktor. Driving cycle merupakan perilaku lalu lintas dan merupakan reprsentasi berkendara dari suatu wilayah. Ada banyak standar driving cycle seperti metode Eropa driving cycle, Jepang Cycle, US-EPA, dll. Namun, driving cycle tersebut tidak dapat mewakili kondisi aktual Jakarta. Penelitian ini menjelaskan driving cycle yang diperoleh di Jakarta. Jakarta driving cycle adalah langkah pertama untuk menentukan emisi nyata untuk mengurangi polusi dan untuk mempengaruhi pilihan kendaraan di Jakarta. Faktor emisidigunakan untuk menentukan emisi gas buang di persimpangan Semanggi. Studi kasus persimpangan Semanggi dibahas. Aspek psikologis berkontribusi pada pemahaman tentang perilaku pemilik mobil untuk menggunakan bus rapid transit di Jakarta. Diskusi tentang The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) dan aspek psikologis dibuat untuk studi kasus ini. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan model dinamis dari pengurangan emisi di sektor transportasi darat, studi kasus perempatan Semanggi di Jakarta. Sistem transportasi perkotaan adalah sistem yang kompleks dengan beberapa variabel, loop umpan balik, dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Model system dinamis yang diusulkan terdiri dari dua submodel: "Vehicle Fleet" dan "Perhitungan Emisi". Model ini berjalan dalam perangkat lunak Powersim Studio menggunakan data dari Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) dan Kepolisian Republik Indonesia.;

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ABSTRACTEmission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta?s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: ?Vehicle Fleet? and ?Emissions Calculation?. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters.;Emission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta?s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: ?Vehicle Fleet? and ?Emissions Calculation?. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters., Emission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta’s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: “Vehicle Fleet” and “Emissions Calculation”. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters.]"

"Skripsi ini membahas analisis dan pemilihan sumber listrik untuk kendaraan listrik roda tiga bagi penyandang tuna daksa yaitu berupa baterai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak MATLAB dan Simulink untuk menyimulasikan driving cycle FTP-75 dan mengambil data dan referensi dari internet, terutama toko di e-commerce. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kendaraan listrik roda tiga bagi penyandang tuna daksa dapat menggunakan baterai dengan spesifikasi 60V dan 60Ah yang akan memberikan jarak tempuh berkendara hingga sejauh 92,3 km dengan rata-rata konsumsi energi sebesar 3,9 kWh/100km

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The focus of this study is to analyse and select the power source for a three-wheeled electric vehicle for the disabled which is a battery. This study is using MATLAB and Simulink software to simulate FTP-75 driving cycle and collect data and references from the internet, especially shops in e-commerce. The result of this study is that the three-wheeled electric vehicle for the disabled can use battery with specification 60V and 60Ah which will provide the range of up to 92,3 km and an energy consumption average of 3,9 kWh/100km."

"Smart driving dan eco driving saat ini menjadi isu yang penting dimana mengkaitkan cara berkendara dengan lingkungan, kenyamanan, dan keselamatan berkendara. Untuk mencapai target yang dituju dalam smart dan eco driving diperlukan pengukuran atau evaluasi terhadap behaviour kita dalam berkendara. Salah satu parameter yang mencerminkan behaviour kita dalam berkendara adalah driving cycle. Besaran yang diukur dalam driving cycle adalah kecepatan kendaraan setiap detiknya. Dalam riset ini, kecepatan kendaraan akan diukur menggunakan accelerometer pada smart phone. Dipilih menggunakan smartphone karena smartphone merupakan perangkat yang aplikasinya saat ini telah cukup luas tidak terbatas sebagai alat komunikasi saja karena telah dilengkapi dengan berbagai sensor dan feature lainnya. Kendala terbesar penggunaan accelerometer sebagai alat ukur kecepatan adalah timbulnya drift, hasil pengukuran dipengaruhi vibrasi dan gravitasi Bumi.Pada riset ini, digunakan metoda Fuzzy Logic untuk memberikan koreksi terhadap pembacaan accelerometer arah longitudinal yang dipengaruhi vibrasi dan drift dengan melihat besar vibrasi pada arah lateral dan vertikal. Degree of membership DOM dari setiap himpunan yang menggambarkan state gerak dan vibrasi kendaraan ditentukan berdasarkan sampling data yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan distribusi Gauss sehingga besar peluang suatu percepatan menggambarkan suatu state atau keadaan dapat dimodelkan. Keakuratan dalam melakukan filter sangat tergantung desain filter yang kita lakukan meliputi meliputi range DOM pada setiap state atau himpunan yang didefinisikan, Membership Function, dan sebagainya.

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Smart driving and eco driving now become an important issue which they integrate environment, comfort, and safety riding. To achieve this condition, it is needed measurements or evaluations on our riding behaviour. One of parameters that describes our riding behaviour is driving cycle. The variable that is measured in driving cycle is the vehicle speed in each second. In this research the velocity of vehicle was measured by accelerometer on a smartphone. The choice of using smartphone in this research was because it is used for communication tool by many people and equipped by many sensors such as accelerometer, magnetometer, and many other features. The biggest obstacle of using accelerometer as velocity measuring instrument was the measurement result is affected by drift, vibration, and earth gravitation.

In this research, Fuzzy Logic was used to give correction on accelerometer reading in longitudinal direction which is affected by vibration and drift by looking at vibration in the lateral and vertical direction. Degree of membership DOM in each set which describes vehicle's movements and vibrations is determined based on sampling data and analyzed with Gauss Distribution that probability of acceleration which describes a state can be modelled. The accuracy of filtering is depend on filter design that we have made that covers range DOM on each defined state or sets, Membership Function, etc."