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Josephine Vivian
"ABSTRAK
Tesis ini menganalisa mengenai proses investigasi Amerika Serikat (AS) atas
kasus Frozen Warmwater Shrimp Subsidies yang menyangkut Indonesia yang
dinilai telah melakukan subsidi dan merugikan industri domestik AS. Konsistensi
antara proses tindakan anti-subsidi (CVD) yang dilakukan otoritas investigasi AS
dan ketentuan WTO khususnya Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing
Measures (ASCM) akan dilihat dalam tesis ini. Penulisan tesis ini menggunakan
metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan hasil preskriptif. Hasil penelitian
menyarankan agar memastikan proses penyelidikan yang dilakukan AS terhadap
Indonesia dan tindakan pemerintah Indonesia dalam membuktikan dirinya tidak
bersalah sesuai dengan hukum WTO, sehingga penyimpangan terhadap
pemakaian tindakan anti-subsidi dapat dihindari demi kepentingan perdagangan
internasional bagi seluruh anggota WTO. Selain itu, WTO perlu memberikan
perhatian lebih terhadap isu dominansi negara-negara maju dalam menerapkan
tindakan anti-subsidi terhadap negara-negara berkembang yang dapat dijadikan
alasan untuk sikap proteksi atas industri domestik negara-negara maju tersebut
atau kepentingan-kepentingan lainnya.

ABSTRACT
This thesis analyzes the process of investigation of the United States (US) on
Frozen Warmwater Shrimp Subsidies case against Indonesia who had committed
subsidies and cause injury to the US domestic industry. The consistency between
process of anti-subsidy measures (CVD) who conducted by US investigation
authorities and the provisions of WTO especially the Agreement on Subsidies and
Countervailing Measures (ASCM) will be viewed in this thesis. This thesis uses
the method of normative legal research as to result in a prescriptive advice. The
results of the study suggest that ensures the investigation process conducted by
AS against Indonesia and the Indonesian Government measures to prove his
innocence in accordance with the WTO law, so that deviations from the use of
anti-subsidy measures can be avoided in the interest of international trade for all
WTO members. Moreover, the WTO needs to pay more attention to the issue of
dominance of developed countries in implementing anti-subsidy measures against
developing countries that can be used as an excuse for protectionism on the
domestic industry of the developed countries or other interests."
Jakarta: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T43361
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhammad Hakim Afrianto
"[ABSTRAK
Penulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana konsumerisme dapat mengarahkan Indonesia pada krisis energi melalui penggunaan teknologi-teknologi maju, seperti transportasi modern. Sejak awal energi krisis pada tahun 1973, manusia telah menyadari atas penggunaan energi bahan bakar yang digunakan dalam transportasi. Akan tetapi, beberapa macam orang yang terlalu konsumtif memperburuk keadaan dengan tidak mempedulikan persediaan bahan bakar. Kemacetan adalah puncak alasan mengapa orang menjadi konsumerisme dalam menggunakan transportasi modern. Di sisi lain, karena situasi krisis energi, pemerintah memiliki peran-peran untuk memberikan kebijakan yang benar-benar membantu negara dan orang-orang dengan adil. Harga subsidi BBM menentukan batasan orang yang melakukan konsumerisme untuk kebiasaan konsumerisme menggunakan transportasi modern. Penulisan ini menyimpulkan orang yang melakukan konsumerisme di jalan akan terganggu setelah mereka menghadapi bagaimana merepotkannya kemacetan lalu lintas dan seberapa mahal bahan bakar.ABSTRACT This paper discusses about how consumerism will bring Indonesians to energy crisis through the using of developed technologies, modern transportations. Since the beginning of energy crisis in 1973, human has been aware of the using of fuel energy used in transportations. However, some people who are too consumptive worsen the situation by not concerning the supply of fuel energy. The traffic jam is the peak of why people become consumerism in using modern transportations. On the other hand, because of energy crisis situation, the government has roles to give the policies which are really helpful for the country and the people fairly. Fuel subsidies? price decides consumerism people?s limitation to do consumerism?s habits using modern transportations. This paper concludes consumerism people on the road will be troubled after they face how troublesome the traffic jam is and how expensive the fuel is., This paper discusses about how consumerism will bring Indonesians to energy crisis through the using of developed technologies, modern transportations. Since the beginning of energy crisis in 1973, human has been aware of the using of fuel energy used in transportations. However, some people who are too consumptive worsen the situation by not concerning the supply of fuel energy. The traffic jam is the peak of why people become consumerism in using modern transportations. On the other hand, because of energy crisis situation, the government has roles to give the policies which are really helpful for the country and the people fairly. Fuel subsidies’ price decides consumerism people’s limitation to do consumerism’s habits using modern transportations. This paper concludes consumerism people on the road will be troubled after they face how troublesome the traffic jam is and how expensive the fuel is.]"
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia, 2015
MK-PDF
UI - Makalah dan Kertas Kerja  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Adijaya Yusuf
"Issues in fisheries have been regulated in various international conventions. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) has built a regime in the field of conservation and management of fishery resources based upon maritime zones or fish species that exist and available in this zone. However, UNCLOS 1982 only focuses on the issue of fisheries in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the high seas, thus it was not sufficient to overcome the problems of high frequent of fishing in maritime zones which are fully subject to the jurisdiction of coastal states, such as in the Inland waters, archipelagic waters and the Territorial Sea. This article aims to examine the legal framework and mechanisms of fisheries subsidies in the aspects of trade and sustainable development. In this article, discussion would carried out in order to examinethe legal framework and mechanisms of marine fisheries subsidies that are implemented with the principles of fair-trade and sustainable development, both in the international level, as well as in the national level. Thus, this research is expected to be able to bridge the interests of developed countries and developing countries, especially Indonesia, in order to achieve fair trade in the field of fisheries and resource utilization of sustainable fisheries.

Masalah perikanan sudah diatur dalam berbagai konvensi internasional. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) membangun rezim di bidang konservasi dan pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan berdasarkan zona maritim atau jenis ikan yang ada dan tersedia di zona ini. Namun, UNCLOS 1982 hanya focus pada isu perikanan di Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) dan laut bebas, sehingga tidak cukup untuk mengatasi masalah penangkapan ikan yang tinggi di zona maritim yang tunduk sepenuhnya pada yurisdiksi Negara pantai, seperti di Perairan Pedalaman, Perairan Kepulauan dan Laut Teritorial. Riset ini akan meneliti kerangka hokum dan mekanisme subsidi perikanan dalam aspek perdagangan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, dalam riset ini akan dikaji dan diteliti kerangka hokum dan mekanisme subsidi perikanan laut yang dilaksanakan dengan prinsip-prinsip fair trade dan pembangunan berkelanjutan, baik di tingkat internasional, maupun di tingkat nasional. Dengan demikian, riset ini diharapkan akan mampu menjembatani kepentingan Negara maju dan Negara berkembang, khususnya Indonesia, demi tercapainya fair trade dalam bidang perikanan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan yang berkelanjutan."
Depok: Faculty of Law University of Indonesia, 2015
AJ-Pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Susi Apriliayanti
"Pembangunan Jaringan Distribusi Gas Bumi untuk Rumah Tangga (JGRT) adalah salah satu program Pemerintah untuk memperbanyak penggunaan gas bumi. Program JGRT dilaksanakan di 24 kota di seluruh Indonesia dengan sasaran sebanyak 80.000 rumah tangga. Salah satu kota yang terpilih adalah Kota Depok. Pembangunan JGRT Kota Depok diberikan terhadap 4000 rumah tangga di Kelurahan Beji dan Beji Timur pada tahun 2010. Namun hingga saat ini belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan program tersebut.
Penelitian ini mencoba mengevaluasi pencapaian outcomes program pembangunan JGRT di Kota Depok. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan survei dengan jumlah responden 150 rumah tangga yang dipilih dengan metode proportional random sampling. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif kuantitatif.
Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa jumlah penerima program yang beralih menggunakan gas bumi dari LPG tabung sebesar 93,45%. Konsumsi gas bumi dari penerima program dapat menggantikan 11.439 tabung LPG 3kg dan 1.120 LPG 12kg per bulan. Jumlah tersebut hanya 0,85% dari total rumah tangga dan total konsumsi LPG 3kg dan 12kg per bulan di Kota Depok. Penghematan subsidi yang telah didapatkan Pemerintah sejak bulan Juni tahun 2011 sampai dengan Desember tahun 2013 sebesar 8,2 miliar rupiah.
Analisis persepsi responden terhadap penggunaan gas bumi disimpulkan bahwa gas bumi terbukti lebih murah, lebih aman, dan lebih praktis dibandingkan LPG 3kg dan 12kg. Hambatan program JGRT Kota Depok adalah belum adanya pengembangan JGRT ke wilayah lain di Kota Depok.

The Development of Natural Gas Distribution Network for Household (JGRT) is one of the Government of Indonesia's programs to increase the use of natural gas. JGRT program is implemented in 24 cities across Indonesia with a target of 80,000 households, including Depok as one of the pilot. The JGRT Depok development was applied to 4000 households in Beji and East Beji Village in 2010. However, an evaluation of the implementation of the program has never been conducted until today.
This study is focused on evaluating the achievement of the program outcomes of the JGRT in Depok. The study was conducted by using the survey approach with 150 households selected as respondents. The respondents selection process was done by using proportional random sampling method, while the analysis was conducted by using descriptive quantitative method.
Based on the above analysis, it is concluded that the number of beneficiaries who previously use the LPG tubes and switch to use the natural gas is 93.45% of all surveyed beneficiaries. The amount of gas consumption can substitute 11,439 tubes of LPG 3kg and 1,120 tubes of LPG 12kg per month. This figure represents 0.85% of the total households in Depok and total monthly of 3kg and 12kg LPG consumption in Depok. Government subsidies which have been saved since June of 2011 until December of 2013 amounted to 8.2 billion Rupiah.
Based on the analysis of respondent's perceptions of the use of natural gas, it is concluded that the natural gas is proven to be cheaper, safer and more practical compared to LPG 3kg and 12kg. The barriers of the JGRT program in Depok is the lack of development JGRT to other areas in Depok.
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Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T43212
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Siswanto
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja risiko-risiko yang yang terjadi dalam proses penyaluran/pendistribusian bahan bakar bersubsidi yang berpotensi pemerintah menanggung kerugian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses penyaluran/pendistribusian bahan bakar bersubsidi yang selama ini berjalan masih terdapat risiko-risiko yang mungkin dapat terjadi. Risiko-risiko tersebut adalah risiko penyusutan alamiah, risiko penyaluran kepada yang berhak atas bahan bakar bersubsidi, dan risiko penentuan harga bahan bakar yang berdampak pada perhitungan jumlah subsidi yang harus ditanggung oleh pemerintah.

ABSTRAK
This research aims to find out risks that may occur in a distribution process of subsidized fuel which, in turn, potentially incur losses to the government.Research results show that in what has hitherto been the running, standard process of subsidized fuel distribution, the risks are still extant.These risks are: risk of natural depreciation (of prices), risk of distribution of subsidized fuel for the entitled party, and risk of fuel pricing which has impact to the calculation of the amount of subsidy that must be borne by the government.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Keffi Karina
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis interaksi dinamis antara subsidi BBM, tingkat suku Bunga, dan Pertumbuhan PDB terhadap ruang fiskal di Indonesia selama penerapan kebijakan pengurangan subsidi BBM. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data runtut waktu triwulanan dengan periode 2010:01-2017:04 dan teknik analisis metode time series vector error correction model VECM . Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi dinamis antara subsidi BBM, tingkat suku bunga, pertumbuhan PDB terhadap ruang fiskal berdasarkan hasil hasil Kausalitas granger dan hasil estimasi VECM yang telah dilakukan. Hasil kausalitas granger yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan satu arah antara subsidi BBM dengan ruang fiskal yang mengindikasikan bahwa subsidi BBM dapat mempengaruhi ruang fiskal secara langsung. Sedangkan Perrtumbuhan PDB dan tingkat suku bunga tidak mempunyai hubungan kausalitas terhadap ruang fiskal, namun hasil tersebut sedikit berbeda dengan hasil estimasi VECM. Hasil estimasi VECM memperlihatkan bahwa berdasarkan data historis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, akan terjadi penurunan ruang fiskal setelah tiga bulan pemerintah meningkatkan subsidi BBM dan akan terjadi penurunan ruang fiskal setelah tiga bulan setelah pertumbuhan PDB. Kata Kunci : Ruang Fiskal, Subsidi BBM, Tingkat Suku Bunga, Pertumbuhan PDB, Rasio Pajak, Harga Minyak Mentah, Kausalitas Granger, VECM.Klasifikasi JEL : E62, H23, H53.

ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze the dynamic interaction between fuel subsidy, interest rate, and GDP growth on fiscal space in Indonesia during the implementation of fuel subsidy reduction policy. This research was conducted using quarterly queuing data with period 2010 01 2017 04 and time series vector error correction model VECM technique. The results showed that there was a dynamic interaction between fuel subsidy, interest rate, GDP growth on fiscal space based on the results of Granger causality and VECM estimation results that have been done. The result of Granger Causality which states that there is a one way relationship between fuel subsidy and fiscal space indicating that fuel subsidy can affect fiscal space directly. While GDP growth and interest rates do not have a causal relationship to the fiscal space, the results are slightly different from the VECM estimates. VECM estimates show that based on historical data used in this study, there will be a decrease in fiscal space after three months of government increases fuel subsidies and there will be a decrease in fiscal space after three months after GDP growth. Keywords Fiscal Space, Fuel Subsidies, Interest Rate, GDP Growth, Tax Ratio, Crude Oil Price, Indonesia, Granger Causality, VECM.JEL Classification E62, H23, H53"
2018
T51444
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Harahap, Poltak Pramah Utama
"Fakta yang terjadi di Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan adalah biaya transportasi laut antarpulau lebih mahal daripada biaya transportasi laut ke luar negeri. Biaya transportasi laut antarpulau yang mahal menyebabkan terjadinya disparitas harga barang kebutuhan pokok antar daerah di Indoensia. Penelitian ini hadir untuk menguji apakah benar kebijakan subsidi ongkos angkut di laut dapat menurunkan disparitas harga antar daerah. Peneltian disparitas harga antara daerah baik di skala nasional dan internasional berusaha melihat faktor-faktor yang mendorong terjadinya konvergensi harga antar daerah seperti biaya transportasi, daya beli masyarakat, konektivitas di darat dan volume perdagangan. Hasil estimasi penelitian ini menunjukkan subsidi ongkos angkut menyebabkan disparitas harga di daerah yang dilalui Tol Laut setelah pelaksanaan kebijakan lebih rendah dibandingkan sebelum pelaksanaan dan lebih rendah dibandingkan daerah yang tidak dilalui Tol Laut. Temuan lainnya adalah kondisi imbalance trade masih terjadi meskipun telah ada kebijakan Tol Laut.

The fact that Indonesia as an archipelago countries is the cost of interregional transportation is more expensive than international sea transportation. Expensive inter-regional transportation costs causes a prices disparites of staple goods between regions in Indonesia. This research aims to examine whether sea transport subsidies policy can reduce price disparities between regions. Research on price disparities between regions both on a national and international focus to examine the factors that encourage price convergence between regions such as transportation costs, road density, trade flows, regional size economy and regional purchasing parity. The evidance of this riset is price disparities in the area passed by the Sea Toll after the implementation of this policy is lower than before the implementation and lower than the area that is not passed by the Sea Toll. Another finding is that the trade imbalance condition still occurs even though there is already a Sea Toll  policy."
Depok: Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T54688
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Yohanes Wahyu Prasojo
"Sektor industri atau disebut pengolahan non migas merupakan kontributor terbesar pendapatan ekonomi dan penyerapan tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang lebih dari 250 juta mengindikasikan besarnya potensi pasar domestik sekaligus jaminan sektor industri Indonesia terus bertumbuh. Namun demikian, komitmen liberalisasi perdagangan antar negara yang semakin tinggi sejak berdirinya World Trade Organization (WTO), memaksa sektor industri Indonesia bersaing dengan Industri negara-negara berteknologi maju.
Dalam persaingan itu, industri Indonesia terus mengalami pelemahan daya saing baik di pasar domestik maupun ekspor. Hal ini sangat terlihat nyata terjadi pada Industri Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil (ITPT). Menghadapi situasi yang dinilai banyak pihak sebagai de-industrialisasi tersebut, Pemerintah Indonesia mengambil langkah strategis menggunakan bantuan finansial (financial contribution) sebagai salah satu instrumen kebijakan peningkatan daya saing industri. Pada praktiknya, komitmen Indonesia sebagai anggota WTO tidak bisa dikesampingkan. Beberapa perjanjian yang dicakup (covered agreement) dalam pembentukan WTO, seperti General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT) dan Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures mengatur batasan bantuan finansial yang dapat atau dilarang untuk diberikan pemerintah. Perspektif pengaturan subsidi dalam WTO adalah pemberian subsidi lazim dilakukan pemerintah suatu negara untuk peningkatan kemakmuran dan perlindungan kepentingan domestik, namun juga berpotensi mendistorsi perdagangan internasional apabila menimbulkan keuntungan kompetitif bagi sektor swasta secara tidak adil.
Dengan menggunakan perspektif itu, dilakukan studi hukum pelaksanaan program restrukturisasi mesin/peralatan ITPT yang memuat kebijakan pembiayaan pemerintah untuk peningkatan daya saing ITPT. Diharapkan ditemukan pemahaman kritis akan desain kebijakan penggunaan instrumen subsidi oleh pemerintah dengan tetap mengindahkan komitmen Indonesia dalam WTO. Momentum penulisan tesis diperkuat dengan Pasal 45 dan Pasal 47 Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2014 tentang Perindustrian yang mengatur bahwa pemerintah dapat memberikan pembiayaan kepada perusahaan industri swasta dalam rangka peningkatan daya saing industri dalam negeri atau pembangunan industri pionir. Bentuk pembiayaan dimaksud dapat berupa keringanan bunga pinjaman, potongan harga pembelian mesin dan peralatan, serta bantuan mesin dan peralatan.

The industry sector, or called with non oil and gas manufacturing sector, is the largest contributor to economic income and employment in Indonesia. Indonesia's population of over 250 million indicates the potential of the domestic market as well as the guarantee of Indonesia's industrial sector continues to grow. Nevertheless, the increasing commitment of trade liberalization between countries since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has forced the Indonesian industrial sector to compete with industries from countries with advanced technology.
In that competition, Indonesia's industrial competitiveness continues to weaken both in domestic and export markets. Significant impacts occurred in the Textile and Textile Products Industry (ITPT). Faced with the situation that many considered as de-industrialization, the Government of Indonesia took a strategic step to use financial assistance as one of the policy instruments to increase the competitiveness of industry. In practice, Indonesia's commitment to WTO membership can not be ruled out. Some covered agreements in the establishment of the WTO, such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (GATT) and Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures provide provisions for financial assistance that can be granted or prohibited by the government. The perspective of the subsidy provisions in the WTO is that subsidies are commonly applied by a country's government to increase prosperity and protection of domestic interests, but also potentially distort international trade if it causes unfairly competitive advantage for the private sector.
By using that perspective, the authors conducted a legal study on the implementation of the ITPT machine / equipment restructuring program which contains a government financing policy to improve the competitiveness of ITPT. It is expected to find a critical understanding of the policy design of the use of subsidized instruments by the government by taking into account Indonesia's commitment to the WTO. The momentum of thesis writing is reinforced by Article 45 and Article 47 of Law No. 3 of 2014 on Industrial Matters which contains provisions that the government can provide financing to private industrial companies in order to increase the competitiveness of domestic industry or the development of pioneer industries. The financing stated in Article 47 covers three forms of financing, which include: loan interest rate, discounted purchase of machinery and equipment, and machinery and equipment assistance.
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Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2017
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nanda Julia Azzahra
"Indonesia, sebagai negara kepulauan dengan garis pantai terpanjang di dunia, memiliki potensi sumber daya laut dan perikanan yang sangat luar biasa. Namun, anugerah geografis dan potensi demikian bertolak belakang dengan realita kondisi hidup masyarakat pesisir antara lain nelayan kecil yang masih banyak terpuruk dalam kemiskinan. Hingga saat ini, sedang berlangsung putaran-putaran negosiasi di kancah multilateral untuk mengatur secara ketat aktivitas penyelenggaraan subsidi perikanan oleh negara-negara. Terdapat potensi pelarangan terhadap penyelenggaran subsidi perikanan atas nama lingkungan. Subsidi diduga memiliki dampak negatif terhadap keberlanjutan stok ikan dunia. Padahal, penyelenggaraan subsidi perikanan oleh pemerintah adalah salah satu upaya utama untuk untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan dan meningkatkan taraf hidup nelayan kecil. Berangkat dari permasalahan tersebut, Penulis akan melakukan penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif. Pertama-tama, Penulis akan memaparkan realita taraf kehidupan dan kesejahteraan nelayan kecil di Indonesia yang masih rendah. Nelayan kecil dengan segala keterbatasan sosial, ekonomi, dan teknologi masih harus berjuang dan bersaing dengan aktor perikanan skala besar dan nelayan asing. Kemudian, penelitian akan dilanjutkan kepada pembahasan instrumen-instrumen hukum mengenai manajemen sumber daya perikanan dan subsidi perikanan yang pernah dan/atau masih berlaku di tataran internasional, regional, dan nasional. Dan pada akhirnya, penelitian akan sampai pada analisis terhadap kerangka hukum yang ideal bagi kebijakan peningkatan taraf hidup nelayan kecil di Indonesia melalui pemberian subsidi perikanan, suatu kebijakan yang juga tidak akan mengancam keberlanjutan sumber daya perikanan.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country with the longest coastline in the world, has extraordinary potential on marine and fishery resources. However, such geographical gifts and potentials are strikingly different with the living reality of coastal communities, including small-scale fishermen, many of whom are still impecunious. Up to now, there has been rounds of multilateral negotiations occurring to strictly regulate the countries’ activities for providing fisheries subsidies. There is a possibility that numerous policies of fisheries subsidies are to be prohibited due to environmental reasons. Fisheries subsidies are deemed to negatively impact the sustainability of world fish stocks. Whilst fisheries subsidies provided by government are frankly one main effort to improve the living standards of small-scale fishermen. From the problems state above, the Author will conduct research using juridical-normative approach. The Author will begin by describing the low quality of living standards, level of prosperity, and welfare of the small-scale fishermen in Indonesia. Small-scale fishermen with all their social, economic, and technological limitations still have to struggle and compete with large-scale fisheries actors and foreign fishermen. Then, the research will continue to the study of the past and/or currently applicable international, regional, and national legal instruments on fishery resources management and fisheries subsidies. Lastly, the research will arrive at the analysis of ideal legal framework for fishery subsidies to improve the living standards of small-scale fishermen in Indonesia, the kind of policy which would not endanger the sustainability of fishery resources as well. "
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2021
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nizia Kusuma Wardani
"Tarif Bea Masuk Antisubsidi (BMAS) ditetapkan oleh Komisi Eropa adalah 8% sampai dengan 18% terhadap biodesel dari Indonesia. Berdasarkan kebijakan Renewable Energi Directive II dan aturan pelaksananya (Delegated Act) yang dibentuk oleh Uni Eropa, Indonesia mengalami kerugian terhadap demand pasar dan ketersedian jumlah stok crude palm oil (biodesel). Dalam RED II dan Delegated Act terdapat ILUC untuk target energi terbarukan pada sektor transportasi. Berdasakan ILCU tersebut, biodesel dikategorikan sebagai ILUC rendah yang akan dikurangi melakukan impor untuk target energi terbarukan di Uni Eropa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitan yuridis normatif. Dampak selama 5 tahun terakhir membuat jumlah ekspor biodesel terus menurun. Proses rekonsialisi penyelesaian sengketa dalam pengenaan BMAS yaitu mengenai tinjauan kembali terhadap aturan SCM, TBT, GATT 1994. Pemerintah Indonesia harus mencari alternatif mengkspor pangsa pasar negara tujuan lain agar penyerapan terhadap biodesel dalam negeri tidak berlebihan.

The anti-subsidized import duty rate (BMAS) set by the European Commission is 8% to 18% for biodiesel from Indonesia. Based on the Renewable Energi Directive II policy and its implementing regulations (Delegated Act) established by the European Union, Indonesia has suffered losses to market demand and the availability of crude palm oil (biodiesel) stocks. There is an ILUC for renewable energi targets in the transportation sector in RED II and the Delegated Act. Based on the ILCU, biodiesel categorized as a low ILUC, which will reduce imports for renewable energi targets in the European Union. The research method used is normative juridical research. The impact during the last five years has made the number of biodiesel exports continue to decline. The reconciliation process of dispute resolution in the imposition of BMAS is regarding a review of the SCM, TBT, GATT 1994 regulations. The Indonesian government must seek alternatives to export the market share of other destination countries so that the absorption of domestic biodiesel is not excessive."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2020
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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