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"ABSTRAK Semakin gencarnya penegakan hukum pelaku illegal fishing menyisakan permasalahan tentang penanganan Anak Buah Kapal (ABK Non Yustisial) perikanan berbendera asing pelaku tindak pidana perikanan di Indonesia. Sistem penegakan hukum terhadap Illegal Fishing masih terfokus terhadap permasalahan pelaku dan barang bukti. Fakta di lapangan kondisi penanganan terhadap ABK non yustisial masih dipandang sebelah mata, padahal tidak dipungkiri hal ini menyangkut hak-hak warga asing di negara pantai dan menyangkut kewajiban negara pantai dalam konteks hukum Internasional dan Hukum nasional negara pantai. Sifat penanganan saat ini masih parsial dan belum terpadu dikarenakan regulasi pelaksana negara pantai belum mengatur secara lengkap baik tentang batasan tanggungjawab negara pantai khususnya aparat di lapangan maupun sistem koordinasi antar lembaga dalam penanganan ABK nonyustisial pelaku Illegal Fishing di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT The increasingly widespread law enforcement of illegal fishing perpetrators leaves problems regarding the handling of vessel crews (Non-Judicial crew) of foreign-flagged fisheries actors of illegal fishing in Indonesia. The law enforcement system against Illegal Fishing is still focused on the problems of actors and evidence. The facts in the field regarding the handling of non-judicial crews are still underestimated, even though it is undeniable that this concerns the rights of foreign citizens in coastal countries and concerns the obligations of coastal states in the context of international law and national coastal law. The nature of the current handling is still partial and not yet integrated because the coastal state implementing regulations have not yet fully regulated both the boundaries of the coastal state's responsibilities, especially the field apparatus and the inter-agency coordination system in handling non-judicial crew actors of Illegal Fishing in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAK Penegakan hukum di laut memegang peranan dan fungsi yang sangat penting sebagai bagian dalam mewujudkan kewibawaan dan kedaulatan Negara di laut. Tindak Pidana illegal fishing sampai saat ini belum masuk dalam golongan kejahatan transnasional sebaimana tertuang dalam UNTOC. Namun, pelaku dari tindak pidana illegal fishing tidak menutup kemungkinan dilakukan oleh korporasi yang berada di luar Indonesia, dan selama ini belum pernah bisa dijerat dengan hukum Indonesia. Adanya perbedaan pandangan dari setiap penegak hukum untuk memidanakan korporasi menjadi isu penting, karena penegak hukum hanya berpegang pada KUHAP dimana pemidanaannya ditujukan kepada pelaku perorangan/pengurus dari korporasi tersebut.

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ABSTRACT

Law enforcement at the sea plays a very important role and function as part in realizing the authority and Sovereignty of the State at sea. Illegal act of illegal fishing has not been included in transnational crime as stated in UNTOC. But the perpetrators of illegal fishing crime is not possible to be done by corporations outside Indonesia, and so far has never been snared with Indonesian law. The existence of different views of every law enforcer to criminalize the corporation becomes an important issue, because law enforcement only holds KUHAP where its punishment is addressed to individual perpetrators/administrators of the corporation.

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"Tesis ini membahas tentang IUU-Fishing yang secara langsung merupakan ancaman bagi pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan yang bertanggung jawab dan menghambat pengembangan perikanan tangkap yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui mekanisme penanganan IUU-Fishing di Laut Arafura, mengkaji faktor faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan IUU-Fishing, dan menyusun strategi kebijakan penanggulangannya yang dapat dilakukan oleh Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan Propinsi Papua. Hasil identifikasi kegiatan pelanggaran penangkapan ikan yang ditemui terjadi di Laut Arafura yaitu : kegiatan illegal fishing antara lain: kapal-kapal penangkap ikan tidak dilengkapi dengan Surat Izin Penangkapan Ikan (SIUP) dan Surat Penangkapn Ikan(SIPI), kapal-kapal ikan tidak melakukan ketentuan yang tertera dalam SIUP atau SIPI (jenis dan ukuran alat tangkap yang tidak sesuai, pelanggaran fishing ground), kapal tidak dilengkapi dengan Vessel Monitoring system (VMS.), dan Kegiatan pair trawl. Jenis kegiatan unreported fishing yang terjadi yaitu nelayan melakukan pembongkaran dan penjualan ikan (transhipment) di tengah laut.

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This thesis discusses the IUU-fishing that is a direct threat to the management of fish resources which is liable and inhibits the development of sustainable fisheries. The purpose of this thesis is to determine the mechanism of controlling IUU-fishing in the Arafura Sea, examines the factors that influence the IUU-Fishing activity, and devise strategies to overcome policies that can be done by the Department of Fisheries and Marine in Papua Province.

The identification results of violations of fishing activities encountered in the Arafura Sea: illegal fishing activities which includes: fishing vessels not equipped with a Fishing License (Business License) and Letter of Fishing (SIPI), fishing vessels activities are incompliance with the provisions listed in the Business License or SIPI (the type and size of fishing gears that which are incompliance with the fishing ground), ships unequipped with a vessel Monitoring system (VMS.), and pair trawling activities. This type of unreported fishing activities that occurs is that fisherman conduct demolition and fish selling (transshipment) in the middle of the sea."

"[ABSTRAKDalam penelitian ini dilakukan kompilasi studi literatur kondisi oseanografi berupa suhu dan kedalaman yang sesuai dengan lokasi potensial fishing ground ikan tuna di Samudera Hindia Bagian Timur. Kompilasi studi literatur menghasilkan basis pengetahuan (knowledge based), disusun melalui analisis studi literatur dengan metode plot dan poligon untuk 4 spesies tuna (tuna mata besar, tuna madidihang, tuna albakora, dan tuna sirip biru selatan). Rancangan poligon menunjukkan bahwa tuna albakora potensial tertangkap pada kedalaman 8 - 250 m dengan suhu 16,00 - 26,36 0C, tuna madidihang 42,70 - 340,30 m dengan suhu 14,02 - 27,97 0C, tuna mata besar 48,63 - 466,51 m dengan suhu 8,79 - 29,13 0C, tuna sirip biru pada kedalaman 52 - 492 m dengan suhu 8,14 - 19,86 0C. Poligon divalidasi dengan mempergunakan data tangkapan tuna harian selama 3 hari pada lokasi berbeda berdasarkan koordinat lintang dan bujur. Data insitu suhu dan kedalaman diperoleh melalui Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) dan Global Ocean Data Asimilation Experinment (GODAE) selama 1 bulan (Januari 2015). Proses interpolasi pada poligon dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kritera suhu dan kedalaman yang dipergunakan pada rancangan peta tematik 3D. Pada bagian akhir penelitian terdapat rekomendasi rancangan alur logika perancangan sistem informasi lokasi potensial fishing ground tuna untuk implementasi model 3D.

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ABSTRACTIn this research, compilation of literature studies consisting of oceanographic conditions (temperature and depth) which appropriate with potential location of tuna fishing ground in Eastern Indian Ocean had been done. These compilation then were analyzed using plot and polygon methods for 4 tuna species (bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna and southern bluefin tuna). Based on polygon method, it showed that albacore tuna were potentially caught at depth of 8 - 250 m and at temperature of 16,00 - 26,36 0C, yellowfin tuna at 42,70 - 340,30 m and 14,02 - 27,97 0C, bigeye tuna at 48,63 - 466,51 m and 8,79 - 29,13 0C, southern Bluefin tuna at 52 - 492 m and 8,14 - 19,86 0C. These polygon were validated using tuna fishing capture information for 3 days at different location based on their coordinates (latitude and longitude). In situ data on temperature and depth were obtained from the Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) and the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) for one month (January 2015). Interpolation process had been done to obtain temperature and depth criteria that were used in 3D thematic mapping design. At the end of the research, there is a recommendation in designing of logical flow of information system on location that were potential for tuna fishing ground using 3D model implementation., In this research, compilation of literature studies consisting of oceanographic conditions (temperature and depth) which appropriate with potential location of tuna fishing ground in Eastern Indian Ocean had been done. These compilation then were analyzed using plot and polygon methods for 4 tuna species (bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna and southern bluefin tuna). Based on polygon method, it showed that albacore tuna were potentially caught at depth of 8 - 250 m and at temperature of 16,00 - 26,36 0C, yellowfin tuna at 42,70 - 340,30 m and 14,02 - 27,97 0C, bigeye tuna at 48,63 - 466,51 m and 8,79 - 29,13 0C, southern Bluefin tuna at 52 - 492 m and 8,14 - 19,86 0C. These polygon were validated using tuna fishing capture information for 3 days at different location based on their coordinates (latitude and longitude). In situ data on temperature and depth were obtained from the Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography (INDESO) and the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) for one month (January 2015). Interpolation process had been done to obtain temperature and depth criteria that were used in 3D thematic mapping design. At the end of the research, there is a recommendation in designing of logical flow of information system on location that were potential for tuna fishing ground using 3D model implementation.]"

"Desa Tanjung Binga merupakan Desa Nelayan yang mayoritas dihuni oleh masyarakat pendatang yaitu masyarakat Bugis, Sulawesi Selatan. Pada awalnya desa ini dihuni oleh masyarakat Melayu Belitung. Namun seiring dengan waktu, masyarakat bugis yang menghuni desa ini semakin bertambah hingga Desa ini lebih dikenal dengan kampung bugis. Desa Tanjung Binga merupakan salah satu tempat tujuan wisatawan berkunjung. Hal ini disebabkan Desa Tanjung Binga memiliki struktur para-para yang membentang sepanjang pantai desa ini yang dinilai unik oleh para pengunjung dan menjadi landmark dari desa ini. Selain itu Desa Tanjung Binga ini tidak terlepas dari citra kota yang tertib dan rapih dari segi penataan pemukiman mereka. Seiring dengan berkembangnya aktivitas manusia tentu akan memberikan pengaruh atas berubahnya fisik lingkungan dimana manusia tersebut tinggal di dalamnya, begitu pula dengan Desa Tanjung Binga. Aktivitas merupakan salah satu alasan dari perubaha.

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Tanjung Binga is a fisherman village which is mainly inhabited by migrant community, Buginese from West Sulawesi. At the beginning, this village inhabited by Malayan Belitung community. Over time, Buginese community grew larger that the village known as a Buginese village. Tanjung Binga village is one of many tourist destination to visit. The cause is Tanjung Bingan village has the rack structure that bent along the beach of the village, considered unique by visitors that it became the village's landmark. Also, Tanjung Binga village is inseparable from orderly and neat image, in terms of settlement arrangement. Along with the development of human activity, there will be certain impact on the physical changes in which human community dwells in it, also found in Tanjung Binga village. Activity is one of many reasons for changes that occur on settlement. Settlement meant to change so that it fulfill the needs of people who live in it."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bentuk-bentuk penyelundupan pajak yang terjadi pada industri perikanan tangkap yang berada dalam KPP Pratama Cirebon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan bentuk-bentuk penyelundupan pajak pada industri perikanan tangkap dan menjelaskan kendala yang dihadapi fiskus dalam rangka melakukan pemungutan pajak atas sektor perikanan (studi kasus KPP Pratama Cirebon). Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi lapangan dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga bentuk penyelundupan pajak atas industri perikanan tangkap yang terjadi pada KPP Pratama Cirebon, yakni merendahkan Laporan Hasil Tangkapan ikan, tidak terdapat pajak penghasilan atas sewa kapal perikanan dan tidak melaporkan penghasilan atas usaha perikanan. Selain itu kendala yang dihadapi fiskus dalam rangka melakukan pemungutan pajak atas industri perikanan adalah keterbatasan dan minimnya data, lemahnya pengawasan dan penegakan, dan adanya pungutan liar.

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This study discusses about income tax evasion that occur on fishing industry in the KPP Pratama Cirebon. This study aimed to describe the form income tax evasion on fishing industry and explain the constraints faced by tax authorities in order to conduct tax on the fisheries sector (the study of the KPP Pratama Cirebon). This research approach is qualitative data collection through field studies and literature. Results from the study indicate that there are three forms of income tax evasion on industrial fishing is going on KPP Pratama Cirebon, namely degrading Report Catch fish, there are no income tax on the rental of fishing boats and failed to report on fishing effort. Besides the constraints faced by tax authorities in order to conduct tax on the fishing industry is limited and the lack of data, lack of supervision and law enforcement, and the presence of illegal levies."

"Tesis ini membahas Peran Intelijen TNI Angkatan Laut Dalam Upaya Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Illegal Fishing. Tesis ini mengajukan konsep pencegahan dan pemberantasan dengan metode intelligent cycle dan metode lidpamgal. Penelitian ini menggunakan qualitative method, diawali pendekatan deskriptif menganalisis intelijen TNI AL, dilanjutkan pendekatan studi kasus untuk menganalisis operasi intelijen yang dilakukan oleh TNI AL dalam memberantas illegal fishing. Metode analisa yang digunakan menggunakan SWOT dan PEST untuk menentukan kemampuan dan kendala dari TNI AL.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi illegal fishing yang terjadi di perairan Indonesia cukup besar dan kerawanannya tinggi. Pencegahan tindak kejahatan inipun dapat dilakukan dengan strategi penyelidikan, pengamanan dan penggalangan oleh intelijen TNI Angkatan Laut.

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This thesis discusses the Navy Intelligence Role In Preventif and Eradicatiff Illegal Fishing. This thesis proposes the concept of prevention and eradication with intelligent methods and prelimitation investigation, maintain security and preparing support cycle. This study uses qualitative method, starting descriptive approach to analyze the role of the Navy, followed by a case study approach to analyze intelligence operations conducted by the Navy in combating illegal fishing. SWOT and PEST analysis method used to determine the capabilities and constraints.

The results show the potential for illegal fishing that occurred in Indonesian waters is quite large and having high vulnerability. Crime prevention strategies can be done using the fill maximum capacity of investigation, security and intelligence-raising by the Navy."

"Fishing capacity is ability of fishery input (boat) used in output production (catch), it measured by using fishing unit or other fishing gear production. In simple way, fishing capacity is an ability of fishing boat (with all aspects) to capture fish. This ability will depend on the fish stock to be captured (seasonally or yearly) and the ability of the fishing gear itself. The aims of this research are to analyze technical efficiency and capacity of capture fishery in between years, of fishing gear and of purse seine. Research location was in the northern water of Gorontalo. Data was analyzed using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The development of capture fishery in 20 years since 1986 - 2005 of the northern water of Gorontalo showed that 1995, 2003 and 2005 are the most efficient years compared to other years, therefore, these years can be used as a basic of allocating fishing effort and catch. The most efficient fishing gear was purse seine and line, whereas gill net is an inefficient fishing gear. For purse seine, there are 11 boats that have efficiency value of 1. In order to reach efficiency level of each purse seine, it needs to decrease the number of input such as reducing 27.97 percent of boat, reducing the length of fishing duration to 29.49 percent,reducing the length of fishing trip / tonnage month to 26.87 percent and reducing fishing operation cost to 15.67 percent."

"ABSTRAKNama : Raka Momon SaputraNPM : 1406518276Program Studi : KriminologiJudul Tesis : Perspektif Penjeraan Dalam Rangka Kebijakan Kriminal Penenggelaman Kapal Pencuri IkanKegiatan illegal Fishing yang paling sering terjadi di wilayah pengelolaan perikanan Indonesia adalah pencurian ikan oleh kapal-kapal illegal asing KIA yang berasal dari beberapa negara tetangga. Tesis ini bertujan untuk mengetahui kebijakan kriminal penenggelaman kapal pencuri ikan dalam perspektif penjeraan serta merancang kebijakan kriminal penenggelaman kapal pencuri ikan agar tetap mampu memberikan efek jera dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. kegiatan pencuri ikan lebih banyak dilakukan oleh kapal illegal asing dengan perbandingan 63 KIA dan 37 kapal illegal Indonesia KII . Jenis pelanggaran yang sering dilakukan adalah tidak memiliki dokumen perizinan dan menggunakan alat tangkap tidak sesuai dengan dokumen perizinan. Wilayah terbanyak kegiatan IUU fishing di WPP-NRI 711 meliputi perairan selat karimata, laut natuna, dan laut cina selatan. Penenggelaman kapal pencuri ikan yang sudah dilaksanakan oleh pemerintahan saat ini adalah suatu tindakan yang sangat tegas dan efektif. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari menurunnya tingkat eksploitasi illegal terhadap sumber daya ikan sekitar 30-35 . Pemikiran penggentarjeraan menurut Winters et al, 2014, bahwa proporsionalitas adalah kekuatan penghukuman yang proporsional dengan tingkat keseriusan kejahatan. Severity adalah kekuatan penghukuman serta kecepatan penghukuman yang diberikan setelah kejahatan terjadi, akan semakin berpengaruh terhadap pelaku kejahatan. Kepastian penghukuman harus merupakan tindakan yang pasti dijatuhkan dan tidak dapat dihindari. Merancang kebijakan kriminal penenggelaman kapal pencuri ikan, agar mampu memberikan efek jera dimasa yang akan datang adalah dengan sebanyak mungkin mengembangkan MoU dengan negara-negara lain. Dibuatkan aturan-aturan yang jelas dari MoU tersebut dan selanjutnya dilakukan deklarasi dengan negara-negara tetangga.

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ABSTRACTABSTRAC Name Raka Momon SaputraNPM 1406518276Study program CriminologyThesis Title Perspectives deterrent In Order Policy Criminal Sinking Ship Thieves Fish Illegal Fishing activity which is most often occurs in the area of fisheries management Indonesia is illegal fishing by foreign vessels illegally KIA , which comes from several neighboring countries. This thesis aims to determine the criminal policy of sinking fish thieves in the perspective of deterrence and designing criminal policies sinking fish thieves in order to remain able to provide a deterrent effect in the future. This study used a qualitative approach. Illegal fishing activity is mostly done by illegal foreign vessels with a ratio of 63 KIA and 37 illegal vessels Indonesia KII . The type of offense are often done are not to have licensing documents and using gear not in accordance with the authorization document. The region most IUU fishing WPP NRI 711 is includes Karimata Strait, Natuna Sea, and South China Sea. Sinking of the fish thieves that have been implemented by the current administration is an act that is very firm and effective. It can be seen from the decline in the level of illegal exploitation of the fish resources approximately 30 35 . Thought deterrence deterrent according to Winters et al, 2014, that proportionality is the power of punishment proportionate to the seriousness of the crime. Severity is the power of condemnation, as well as the speed of the judgment is given after the crime occurred, will increasingly influence the perpetrators. Certainty of punishment should be a definite action was dropped and can not be avoided. Designing the criminal policy of sinking the illegal fishing vessels, in order to provide a deterrent effect in the future is to develop as much as possible Indonesia MoU with other countries. Made the rules clear of the MoU and then performed a declaration with neighboring countries."