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"Agency problem impties the need of an independent profession(external auditor) to assure agent(management) act on behalf of principle....."

"Agency problem implies the need of an independent profession (external auditor) to assure agent (management) act on behalf of principle. Unfortunately we can't fully rely any longer on the profession because of financial reporting scandals. It means that board of commissioner has to more actively acts to oversight the corporate governance. This oversight tasks is almost impossible to be carried by the board it self, mainly concerned to its competence limitation, so the board need to form a committee that have competence and full commitment to 'make sure' the corporate always on the right track. The committee's main responsibilities are concerned with financial reporting, risk management and control, and corporate governance. Regulators require listed companies, banks and other financial service companies, and certain state owned companies to have an audit committee. However, whether the committees exist just to fulfill this requirement or fully act as arm length of the board to improve good corporate governance is still questioned."

"Abstract. This study aims to analyze the influence of corporate governance structure on underpricing when firms perform an Initial Public Offering (IPO). This study is based on the signaling theory, stating that the existence of proper corporate governance structure at the time the firm conducting IPO will give the firm a high quality signal to potential investors. The corporate governance structure tested includes the size of Board of Commissioners (BOC), the level of independence of the Board of Commissioners, and the existence of an audit committee. The hypothesis testing is done using a multiple regression model with a sample of 95 observations from firms doing IPOs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2005-2012. The results of this study provide empirical evidence that: (1) the size of Board of Commissioners is negatively correlated and affects underpricing, (2) the level of independence of the Board of Commissioners has no effect on underpricing, (3) the existence of an audit committee has no effect on underpricing, (4 ) corporate governance structure (the BOC size, the independence of the Board of Commissioners, and the existence of audit committees) simultaneously has a positive and significant correlation to underpricing. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis pengaruhstruktur corporate governance terhadap underpricing pada saat perusahaan melakukan Initial Public Offering (IPO). Penelitian ini didasarkan pada teori sinyal (signaling theory) yang menyatakan bahwa keberadaan struktur corporate governance yang baik pada saat perusahaan melakukan IPO akan memberikan sinyal kualitas perusahaan yang tinggi kepada investor potensial. Struktur corporate governance yang diuji meliputi jumlah anggota dewan komisaris, tingkat independensi dari dewan komisaris, dan keberadaan komite audit. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan model regresi berganda dengan sampel 95 observasi dari perusahaan yang melakukan IPO yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2005-2012. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti empiris bahwa: (1) jumlah anggota dewan komisaris berkorelasi negatif dan berpengaruh terhadap underpricing, (2) tingkat independensi dari dewan komisaris tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap underpricing, (3) keberadaan komite audit tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap underpricing, (4) struktur corporate governance (jumlah anggota dewan komisaris, independensi dewan komisaris, dan keberadaan komite adit) secara simultan memiliki korelasi positif dan signifikan terhadap underpricing."

"Corporate governance has impacts on the disclosure of key management compensation in thefinancial statements through the application of the principle of transparancy. This researchaims to analyze the impact of corporate governance structure, such as family ownership,managerial ownership and the effectiveness of the audit committee, as well as audit quality ofkey management compensation disclosures in the financial statements according to PSAK No.7 (Revised 2010). The research using multiple regressions examined non-financial companieslisted on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011. The research found that companies that arecontrolled by family and not part of a business group significantly affect management to complywith the mandatory disclosure related to key management compensation information in thefinancial statements. The research also found that the effectiveness of the audit committeesignificantly affects management to provide better information related to financial disclosures.Furthermore, the audit quality significantly increases the transparency of the compensation ofkey management related to PSAK No. 7 (Revised 2010).AbstrakTeori corporate governance dapat memengaruhi pengungkapan kompensasi manajemen kuncipada laporan keuangan melalui penerapan prinsip transparansi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis dampak struktur corporate governance, yakni kepemilikan keluarga, kepemilikanmanajerial, dan efektivitas komite audit, serta kualitas audit terhadap pengungkapan kompensasimanajemen kunci pada laporan keuangan berdasarkan PSAK No. 7 (Revisi 2010). Penelitianini menggunakan regresi multivariabel pada perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di BEIpada tahun 2011. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa perusahaan yang dikontrol oleh keluargadan bukan bagian dari kelompok usaha secara signifikan memengaruhi manajemen untukmematuhi aturan pengungkapan wajib terkait dengan informasi kompensasi manajemen kuncipada laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa efektivitas komite audit secarasignifikan memengaruhi manajemen untuk menyajikan informasi yang lebih baik terkaitpengungkapan keuangan. Begitu pula dengan kualitas audit yang signifikan meningkatkantransparansi atas kompensasi manajemen kunci terkait PSAK No. 7 (Revisi 2010)"

"This research is aimed to examine the impact of audit committee quality measured by audit committee expertise, audit committee size, and number of meeting on the quality of company financial reporting with an audit quality as a moderating variable. This research uses three measures for financial reporting quality which are persistency, predictability, and conservatism. The results of this research show that audit committee quality affects financial reporting quality. Audit committee financial literacy significantly increase persistency and predictability of earnings. Size of audit committee positively affects earnings persistency and negatively affects earnings predictability and conservatism. Number of audit committee meeting also significantly increase persistency, predictability of earnings, and conservatism. We find a mixed evidence on the moderating role of audit quality in the the relationship between audit committee quality and financial reporting quality.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh kualitas komite audit yang diukur dengan keahlian komite audit, ukuran komite audit, dan jumlah rapat terhadap kualitas pelaporan keuangan perusahaan dengan kualitas audit sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga ukuran kualitas pelaporan keuangan yaitu persistensi, prediktabilitas, dan konservatisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas komite audit berpengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Keahlian komite audit di bidang keuangan secara signifikan meningkatkan persistensi dan prediktabilitas dari laba. Ukuran komite audit secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap persistensi dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap prediktabilitas laba dan konservatisme. Jumlah rapat anggota komite audit juga secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap persistensi, prediktabilitas laba, dan konservatisme. Penelitian ini menemukan bukti yang berbaur atas efek moderasi dari kualitas audit terhadap hubungan antara kualitas komite audit dan kualitas pelaporan keuangan."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris atas pengaruh efektivitas Board of Directors dan komite audit terhadap risiko perusahaan secara langsung dan secara tidak langsung melalui kualitas IR. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data panel. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 143 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Johannesburg Stock Exchange (Afrika Selatan) dengan 4 tahun pengamatan yaitu dari tahun 2014 sampai dengan 2017. Structural Equation Model digunakan untuk menganalisis data dan menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas BOD dan komite audit secara langsung berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap risiko perusahaan. Efektivitas BOD dan komite audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas IR, dan kualitas IR tidak berpengaruh terhadap risiko perusahan secara langsung. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kualitas IR tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh efektivitas BOD dan komite audit terhadap risiko perusahaan karena penerapan IR hanya digunakan untuk memenuhi persyaratan regulasi.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the effect of the board of directors and audit committee effectiveness on firm risk directly and indirectly through IR quality. This study is a quantitative research and used panel data. The sample used is 143 listed companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (South Africa) with 4 years observation that is from 2014 to 2017. Structural Equation Model is used to analyze data and test hypotheses. The results of this study found that BOD and audit committee effectiveness has a significant negative effect on firm risk directly. BOD and audit committee effectiveness has not affect IR quality, and IR quality has not affect firm risk directly. This study also found that IR quality can not mediate the effect BOD and audit committee effectiveness on firm risk because IR implementation is only used to comply with regulatory requirements. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris atas pengaruh efektivitas Board of Directors (BoD) dan komite audit terhadap biaya ekuitas perusahaan secara langsung dan secara tidak langsung melalui pengungkapan voluntary Integrated Reporting (IR). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data panel. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 373 perusahaan (firm-year) yang terdaftar di IIRC network database dengan tiga tahun pengamatan yaitu dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan 2017. Analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas BoD dan komite audit baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, pengaruhnya tidak signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas perusahaan, namun pengungkapan IR secara voluntary memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap biaya ekuitas. Dan secara keseluruhan penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengungkapan IR secara voluntary tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh efektivitas BoD dan komite audit terhadap biaya ekuitas, karena efektivitas BoD dan komite audit yang memang tidak terbukti memiliki pengaruh secara langsung terhadap biaya ekuitas.

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This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the effect of of Board of Directors (BoD) effectiveness and audit committees on the cost of equity both directly and indirectly through voluntary Integrated Reporting (IR). This research is a quantitative study using panel data. The sample used was 373 firms (firm-years) that were registered in the IIRC network database with three years of observation, from 2015 to 2017. Analysis of data and hypothesis testing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicate that BoD and audit committee effectiveness, both directly and indirectly, have no significant effect on cost of equity, however voluntary IR has a negative and significant effect on cost of equity. Comprehensively this study found that voluntary IR disclosures could not mediate the effect of the BoD and audit committee effectiveness on cost of equity, because the effectiveness of BoD and audit committees were not proven to have a direct influence on cost of equity."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit serta kepemilikan keluarga terhadap luasnya pengungkapan lingkungan pada perusahaan-perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi data panel model fixed effect dengan total sampel sebanyak 222 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode tahun 2008 sampai dengan tahun 2012. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa rata-rata tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan adalah sebesar 3,38% yang menunjukkan tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan masih relatif rendah yang kemungkinan disebabkan belum ada ketentuan mengenai apa saja yang harus diungkapkan terkait pengungkapan lingkungan. Rata-rata skor efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit berada pada kategori ‘fair’. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa efektivitas dewan komisaris dan efektivitias komite audit memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan, sedangkan kepemilikan keluarga memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.;The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.;The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure., The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.]"

"Penelitian ini meneliti pengaruh kualitas audit, efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit terhadap manajemen laba pada emiten manufaktur antara periode 2009 hingga 2012 dengan ukuran perusahaan, leverage dan struktur kepemilikan sebagai variabel kontrol. Variabel dependen manajemen laba pada penelitian ini dibagi ke dalam dua yaitu manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil. Variabel independen kualitas audit diukur menggunakan hasil pemeriksaan PPAJP Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia yang akan memberikan gambaran yang lebih baik mengenai kualitas audit. Variabel independen efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit diukur berdasarkan daftar pertanyaan untuk mencari efektivitas keduanya berdasarkan informasi yang terdapat pada laporan tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba akrual maupun manajemen laba riil. Kualitas audit terbukti memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba akrual, namun berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba riil. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengawasan yang baik mampu menekan terjadinya manajemen laba.

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This study researched the influence of audit quality, effectiveness of board of directors and audit committee on earnings management in listed manufacturing companies from 2009 through 2012 with company size, leverage and ownership structure as control variables. The dependent variables, earnings management, in this study were divided into two categories which are accrual earnings management and real earnings management. The independent variable of audit quality was measured using review of PPAJP Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia which considered giving better picture of audit quality. The independent variables of the effectiveness of board of directors and audit committee were measured using questionnaire based on annual reports information. The results showed that the effectiveness of board of directors and audit committee have a negative significant influence to accrual earnings management and real earnings management. Audit quality is proven to have a negative significant to accrual earnings management, while it has a positive significant influence to real earnings management. This result implies that proper supervision could prevent earnings management."

"Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh corporate governance (dewan direksi, dewan komisaris, dan komite audit) dan pengungkapan sukarela terhadap asimetri infonnasi. Proksi untuk asimetri informasi adalah perubahan spread (selisih spread antara periode announcement dan non announcement). Penelitian ini menggunakan 75 sampel, dengan kriteria telah menerbitkan laporan tahunan dan tersedia tanggal publikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan indeks corporate governance (dewan direksi, dewan komisaris, dan komite audit) yang dikembangkan oleh Rahadian dan Siregar, (2007) dan Cheung, Jiang, Limpaphayom, dan Lu (2008). Sedangkan indeks pengungkapan sukarela menggunakan instrumen yang dikembangkan oleh Chau dan Gray (2002). Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda untuk menguji pengaruh corporate governance (dewan direksi, dcwan komisaris. dan komite audit) dan pengungkapan sukarela terhadap asimetri informasi. Penelitian ini menemukan : (1) dewan direksi dan komite audit mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap perubahan spread. Hasil ini konsisten dengan hipotesis yang berarti keduanya mempunyai peranan penting dan efektif untuk menurunkan perubahan spread; (2) berkebalikan dengan harapan, dewan direksi mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perubahan spread. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa fungsi dewan komisaris relatif masih kurang efektif; (3) konsisten dengan hipotesis, pengungkapan sukarela mempunyai pengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Hasil ini menyatakan bahwa semakin tinggi pengungkapan sukarela maka akan semakin rendah teljadinya perubahan spread.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of corporate governance (board of director, board of commissioner, and audit committee) and voluntary disclosure on information asymmetry. Proxy for infonnation asymmetry is change spread (difference between spread announcement period and non announcement period). This research uses 75 samples, which released annual report and available released date. This research uses corporate governance index (board of director, board of commissioner, and audit committee) which depeloyed by Rahadian dan Siregar (2007) and Cheung, Jiang, Limpaphayom, and Lu (2008). Meanwhile voluntary disclosure index uses instrument which developed by Ohau and Gray (2002). This research uses multiple regression analysis to examine the effect of corporate governance (board of director, board of commissioner, and audit committee) and voluntary disclosure on information asymmetry. This research finds : (1) board of director and audit committee have negative and signillcant effect on change spread. This result is consistent with hypothesis which means both of them have important and effective role to decrease change spread; (2 ) in contrary with expectation, board of commissioner has positif and significant effect on change spread.Jhis result indicates that the function of board of commissioner relatively still ineffective; (3) consistent with hypothesis, voluntary disclosure has negative and signifiGant effect on change spread. This result suggested that high voluntary disclosure will lower change spread."